Nano Silver in Modern Dentistry: A Promising Strategy Against Dental Caries

Abstract

Nano silver has emerged as a promising agent in the management of dental caries, leveraging its potent antimicrobial properties to combat cariogenic bacteria. This review explores the role of nano silver in caries prevention and treatment, focusing on its mechanisms of action, applications, and potential benefits. Nano silver disrupts bacterial cell membranes, inhibits biofilm formation, and reduces the viability of pathogens such as Streptococcus mutans and Lactobacillus , which are key contributors to tooth decay. Its incorporation into dental materials, including composites, glass ionomer cements, and varnishes, offers sustained antimicrobial effects, enhancing the longevity of restorations and reducing the risk of secondary caries. Additionally, nano silver-based solutions and gels are effective in cavity disinfection and pulp therapy. Despite its advantages, challenges such as potential cytotoxicity, tooth discoloration, and the risk of bacterial resistance necessitate further research. This article highlights the current advancements, limitations, and future directions of nano silver in caries management, emphasizing the need for optimized formulations and rigorous clinical validation to ensure its safe and effective use in modern dentistry.