The Role of Artificial Intelligence in Dental Diagnosis and Treatment Planning

Abstract

This study aims to examine the role of artificial intelligence in dental diagnosis and treatment planning, highlighting its applications, benefits, challenges, and future directions. A narrative review was conducted using a descriptive analysis method, synthesizing recent literature on AI-driven diagnostic tools, treatment planning systems, and emerging trends in dentistry. Studies published between 2022 and 2025 were analyzed to assess AI applications in imaging-based diagnosis, clinical decision support, orthodontic planning, prosthodontics, endodontics, periodontal treatment, implantology, and precision dentistry. Ethical concerns, integration challenges, and regulatory considerations were also reviewed to provide a comprehensive understanding of AI’s impact on dental practice. AI has significantly improved diagnostic accuracy in dental radiography, CBCT analysis, and early detection of caries, periodontal disease, and oral cancer. AI-driven treatment planning has enhanced efficiency in orthodontics, prosthodontics, and implantology by optimizing treatment simulations, material selection, and surgical precision. Teledentistry and remote diagnosis have expanded access to care, while AI-powered robotics have introduced automation in surgical and restorative procedures. Despite these advancements, challenges remain in data privacy, algorithmic bias, clinical integration, and regulatory compliance. Ethical concerns related to AI transparency, liability, and decision-making authority continue to shape its adoption in clinical practice. AI is transforming dental diagnosis and treatment planning by improving accuracy, efficiency, and accessibility. However, addressing challenges related to data security, bias, regulatory frameworks, and professional adaptation is essential for the responsible integration of AI in dentistry. Future advancements in AI algorithms, robotic-assisted dentistry, and precision medicine will further enhance patient-centered care. A balanced approach that combines AI innovation with human expertise is necessary to ensure optimal clinical outcomes and ethical AI implementation in dental healthcare.